Government-led IT initiatives
| web2.0 bottom-up initiatives |
| Control | Emergence |
Planned ex-ante
| Flexible |
| Long-term (> 1year) | Short term (<6 months) |
| Large investment in tech ( > 100K euros ) | Small or no investment in tech (<10K euros) |
Technology-centred
| Needs-centred |
| Outsourced | Developed in-house |
| Results unclear | Transparent results , publicly discussed |
| Failure is a mistake | Failure is normal |
| Aim for efficiency | Aim for transparency |
First release and user involvement late in the project
| First release and users involved from early stage (sometimes the developer is the user) |