Birds of the Llynfi Valley The Llynfi Valley is situated ten miles north east of the Welsh migration hotspot of Kenfig NNR, in the heart of the Glamorgan valleys on the border of the old counties of West and Mid Glamorgan, with 90% of the valley lying in Mid Glamorgan. It is a wide flat-bottomed valley 8 Kms long and 5 Kms wide. Its principal town is Maesteg, which is shown on all major maps of Wales. The valley has a wide variety of habitats for passage and visiting summer breeding birds. From lowland pastoral areas in the south of the valley to mountain moorland in the north, with both large areas of broad leaved and coniferous forestry. The valley has been well watched from an ornithological point of view from the late seventies and is probably the most intensely watched valley in Glamorgan. The oldest reference to birds in the valley is from Edward Lhuyds questions to the Rev John Hutton in 1697, which mentions Nightjar, Merlin and Moorhen. From reading ‘The Birds of Glamorgan (Salmon 1967) it seems that the early 20^th century birding pioneers largely ignored the area because of the intensive industry here. A survey in 1954 being the only breeding reports before the 1970’s, when the present crop of keen amateur birdwatchers took to the mountains and who include Sharon Davies, Colin Gittins, Martyn Hnatiuk, Ian Lambert, David Lewis, Peter & Simon Murray, Paul Parsons, Colin Richards, Jeff Slocombe, and Paul Tabor - with the number of more than casual birdwatchers growing every year. Some old local superstitions are worth noting. Such as a Screech Owl beating on the window of a sick persons room, being a death omen. Or a Tawny Owl hooting from Yew trees in Llangynwyd churchyard heralding an unmarried girl losing her virginity and Magpies crossing your path in the morning means an evil day ahead! From the scant early records of the valley we see that Black Grouse last bred in the 1930’s, and probable former breeders include Red Kite, Merlin, Ring Ouzel and Common Sandpiper. With the most recent losses being Reed Warbler, Snipe, Woodcock, Long Eared Owl, Grey Partridge and now probably Willow Tit. Regular coverage since the late 70’s however has produced some good rarities in the valley such as Wryneck (2), Yellow Browed Warbler (4), Great Grey Shrike, Crane, Waxwing (15), Dartford Warbler, Leach’s Storm Petrel (6) and Grey Phalarope. Breeding populations seem stable or on the increase for the majority of species. The main points of concern being birds that rely on old buildings and house crevices to nest like Swift, House Martin, House Sparrow and Starling are finding it increasingly more difficult year by year to breed, with these species numbers being nowhere near their former breeding level. But it is not all doom and gloom as a recent bird survey of the upland moorland and mountain passerines show that many of them such as Skylark, Meadow Pipit and Stonechat have large healthy populations despite recent declines nationally. In recent years there has been attempts by a number of former breeders like Lapwing (bred 2006 &2007) and Sand Martin (bred 2004 & 2005) to re-colonize the area. As well as increased sightings of former rare birds for Glamorgan such as Honey Buzzard, Red Kite (attempted breeding 2005 - 2007 ) and Lesser Whitethroat (bred 2005), suggesting breeding range expansion into the valley in the near future. 2006 has been the best-recorded year to date with a record 120 species seen in the valley of which 81 bred. A total of 146 species have been recorded in the valley to date. M. Hnatiuk & P. Parsons

LEACH’S STORM PETREL Oceanodroma Leucorhoa This species spends most of the year far out to sea off the British coasts and is only occasionally seen from sea watching headlands in late autumn and early winter. Sometimes there are no records for a couple of years off the Glamorgan Coast. But occasionally during very bad storms a “Wreck” occurs, this is when birds normally far out to sea are blown into coastal areas by strong winds. The last so called “Wreck” in Glamorgan occurred in 1953. But on the 7^th Dec 2006 following 4 days of particularly violent storm weather birds were being reported in great numbers all over the Glamorgan coast. The winds were so strong (gusts of 90mph) that the already exhausted birds were pushed further inland and sightings in the Valley indicated there may have been as many as 6 birds in the valley at the same time. A full list of the sightings follow below. 1400hrs 1 South Parade area (PP) 1430hrs 2 South Parade/ Maesteg Town (PP,MH,CR) 1510hrs 2 Maesteg Hospital Fields (CR) 1530hrs 1 Over Nanty post office (PP) 1545hrs 1 Over The "Blan" pub, Caerau (MH)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                GREAT CORMORANT Phalarocorax Carbo The Cormorant is an occasional visitor to the Llynfi valley. It was first thought that it followed the river courses up from the sea, but recent evidence suggests the birds fly straight over the mountains from the sea, particularly My. Ty Talwyn above Llangynwyd. There have been 32 documented records of 53 birds, the first being on 21^st Dec 1985 (PT) just south of Pont Rhyd-y-Cyff, Llangynwyd . Birds have also been seen near the main river at Nanty, Caerau, Maesteg & Lletty Brongu sewage works. Records are increasing every year, due to the increase in the number of observers. The bias of records in autumn and winter probably refer to birds undergoing a post breeding dispersal. While the spring and summer records are probably wandering failed breeders. The highest count is of 13 birds over My. Bach, Nanty on 3^rd Dec 2007 (PP).

1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	1	1	1	4	4	3	4	1	3	11	16

                                                                                                       GREY HERON Ardea Cinerea

Herons have been present in the valley in 1’s and 2’s since the early 80’s. The first record being at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 31^st Aug 1983 (PT) where 5 birds were recorded. There after being resident, mainly in the lower end of the valley. Breeding was first proved in 1999 when 2 adults & a juvenile were found at a nest site in Garnwen forestry near Pen-y-lan, Nanty (CG). Breeding again in 2000-2003, when 2 nests were found (CG), but did not breed here in 2004 – 2007 although juv birds were seen in the valley from August onwards (PP). The highest count in the valley is of 7 birds seen from a train near the Paper Mills, Llan on the 23^rd Dec 2000 (PP).

MUTE SWAN Cygnus Olor There have been only 4 records of this species in the valley due to the fact that there are no large lakes or ponds in the area. All the records have been of fly-bys in autumn and early winter and refer to wandering birds after the breeding season. 3^rd Nov 1992 1 Male Paper Mills, Llan (MH) 23^rd Oct 1996 2 Ads & 5 Juv Paper Mills, Llan (PP) 20^th Sep 2007 1 Male Maesteg (CR) 24^th Nov 2007 4 Ads Maesteg (PP)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            GREATER WHITE FRONTED GOOSE Anser Albifrons The only record is of a migrating flock returning north to their breeding grounds in Scandinavia, flying over Caerau in March 1974 (MH). The flock comprising of 60 birds.                                                                                                                                                                                                               GREYLAG GOOSE Anser Anser This species is a rare visitor to Glamorgan during winter periods, so there has only two records for the valley. The first being of 1 bird flying-by at Darren Woods, Llan on 9^th May 2002 (SJM) and the second record is of 2 birds flying north over Caerau on 31^st Mar 2005 (CG).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CANADA GOOSE Branta Canadensis The Canada Goose is an introduced species to Britain that has escaped from captivity. Numbers have grown to such an extent that it is fast becoming a pest species, but until 2006 it had not been recorded in the Llynfi Valley. Then on 9^th Mar 2006 4 birds were seen flying north over Nanty (PP), probably going to Glyncorrwg ponds in the next valley. Since then there have been a further 14 sightings in the valley involving 55 birds all flying through the valley. The largest flock being of 17 birds flying north over Caerau on 30 th May 2007 (MH).                                                                                                                COMMON SHELDUCK Tadorna Tadorna The Shelduck is a common bird to the estuaries of Glam, but is seldom seen inland and away from water. Subsequently there has only been one record for the valley. When a migrating flock of 11 birds were seen flying up the valley over Spelter, Caerau on the 25^th Sep 2004 (PP)

EURASIAN WIGEON Anas Penelope The Wigeon is a very rare winter visitor to the Llynfi valley even though it is a fairly common bird at coastal estuaries in Glamorgan, not surprisingly there has only been one record - at the Paper Mills, Llan on 3^rd Feb 1992 (MH) and involved 3 male & 2 female birds resting on a warm water outflow from the factory to the main river during a heavy frost.

GADWALL Anas Strepera Although common on coastal lakes and ponds in the winter in Glamorgan there has been only one record in the valley and this was of 2 birds (a pair) flying south over My. Ty Talwyn on 5^th Oct 2006 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  EURASIAN TEAL Anas Crecca The Teal is another unusual winter visitor to the Llynfi valley, with the odd record outside the winter period referring to wandering adults or juveniles after the breeding season. There have been 6 records since 1990. 28^th Aug 1990 2 Male & 1 Female Paper Mills, Llan (MH) 13^th Dec 1991 2 Male & 1 Female Paper Mills, Llan (MH) 14^th Dec 1991 3 Male & 1 Female Paper Mills, Llan (MH) 6^th Mar 1994 2 Male & 1 Female Llangynwyd (DL, PP) 10^th – 13^th Sep 1996 1 Juvenile Washeries , Maesteg (PP) 15^th Nov 2004 1 Male & 2 Female Sewage Works, Llan (MH)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      MALLARD Anas Platyrhynchos The Mallard is a regular species in the lower half of the valley around the sewage works area near Lletty-Brongu, where small numbers breed. But in 2005 3 pairs bred successfully at the top end of the valley at Nanty and Caerau for the first time (MH,PP). First recorded at the Paper Mills, Llan on 3^rd Jun 1990 (MH), where breeding was proved on 20^th Jul 1990 (MH). Breeding was then proved in most years thereafter. The population of the valley now stands at 10 pairs. The highest adult count is of 19 birds on the river near Lletty Brongu sewage works on 18^th Dec 2007 (MH,PP). An interesting record is of a female being caught and killed by an escaped Saker Falcon on 3^rd May 2005 at Nanty (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            NORTHERN PINTAIL Anas Acuta The Pintail is rarely seen migrating over land preferring a sea passage route. It is common along the Glamorgan estuaries during winter periods, so a fortunate observation was of 7 birds (5 Male) flying south over Cwmdu on 19^th Sep 2005 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          TUFTED DUCK Aythya Fuligula This species is a rare winter visitor to the valley. But there have been no recent records. Late 80’s 2 Pairs Paper Mills, Llan (PP) 4^th Nov 1990 1 Male Paper Mills, Llan (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           GOOSANDER Mergus Merganser The Goosander is an increasing winter visitor to the valley with 2007 being a record year, with 23 birds in total being recorded on 9 occasions (MH,PP). All the records involving this species have occurred during the winter and passage migration periods and refer to birds either migrating to coastal habitats prior to the onset of cold weather or sitting on the lower River Llynfi. It was first recorded on 17^th Jan 1993 at the Paper Mills, Llangynwyd (MH), where two females were seen sitting on the nearby River Llynfi. The earliest winter date being of 10 birds flying south over My. Bach, Nanty on 7^th Oct 2007 (PP), this is also the largest flock recorded for the valley and the latest date being of a single female at the same location on 18^th May 2007 (PP). Out of the 54 birds recorded only 18 have been Males.

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
2	1		2		1		13	10	23

EUROPEAN HONEY BUZZARD Pernis Apivorus Less than 20 pairs of Honey Buzzard breed in Wales during the summer season. Probably 5 of these pairs breed in Glamorgan, some of which breed quite close to the Llynfi valley. There have been 11 records for the valley, the first being of a female type bird flying over the observer’s house in Caerau on 2^nd Jul 2001 (MH). Since then sightings have increased considerably, in 2006 there were 3 sightings by 3 different observers (CG,MH,PP). The most interesting record being of a female and juvenile together over My. Caerau on 27^th Aug 2006(CG) this also constitutes the highest count for the valley. The earliest summer arrival date is of a bird over Maesteg Hospital on 15^th May 2007 (MH) and the latest departure date is of another single bird over Foel y Dyffryn, Caerau on 5^th Sep 2004 (CG).

2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
1			5	1	4	1

                                                                                                     RED KITE Milvus Milvus The Red Kite is perhaps the best known and loved bird in Wales. The nearest breeding areas to the Llynfi valley are getting closer every year. Nevertheless adult and immature birds do occasionally wander after and before the breeding season. All the 1997 – 2004 records for the valley are of these type bird sightings, but in 2005 &2006 sightings rose sharply ( 13 &12 records). It was thought a pair may be holding territory somewhere in the valley, but no evidence of breeding was established, but in 2007 records again rose even higher (49 sightings) and it was found that at least two pairs were frequenting the valley but no successful breeding was confirmed. It is interesting to note, that on the 21^st Mar 2000 at Cwmdu, Maesteg (PP) a leucistic bird (absence of dark pigment) was seen. There are only two of these type birds known to be in the Welsh population of 700 pairs at present. The first record for the valley was of an individual seen over Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau on the 24^th Oct 1997 (PP). Historical note: - “Pre 1820 the RED KITE was numerous and bred over wide areas of Glamorgan, but scarce by 1850.”

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	1	1			3	3	13	12	49

HEN HARRIER Circus Cyaneus The Hen Harrier is an uncommon visitor to the valley outside the breeding season. Most records are probably of wandering or passage birds from the Mid-Wales breeding areas on migration to their coastal wintering grounds. The winter records refer to hunting birds during mild weather conditions . Records are on the increase by the year as the number of observers increase. First recorded in the valley on 7^th Oct 85 (PT). Of the 25 records to date, only 10 have been of males.

1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	1	3	2		2	2	3	3	1	3	5

                                                                                             NORTHERN GOSHAWK Accipiter Gentilis The Goshawk became extinct in the UK in the 1890’s, but birds that derived from falconers escapes set up a small breeding population in Wales, where it is now regarded as a rare “wild” species. The Llynfi valley is one of its breeding strongholds, with a population of 4 pairs in the mountain forestry around the valley. The first record for the valley being on 22^nd Jul 1990 (PT) at Cwmdu, Maesteg. Breeding has been proved in the valley from 1996 onwards. (PP,CG,MH). Historical note: - “ 1^st Glamorgan record was at Kenfig Pool on 30^th august 1962. Was reported to have bred in Glamorgan prior to extinction in 1890’s.

EURASIAN SPARROWHAWK Accipiter Nisus Fairly common breeder in the valley, with 9 pairs present in 2006 (MH). Breeds in deciduous woodland throughout the area. But can often be seen hunting small passerines near human habitation, particularly during spells of cold weather. This species has been seen attacking birds at garden feeding stations on numerous occasions (CG, MH). Surprisingly this was the first bird to visit a newly erected bird table at the Paper Mills, Llangynwyd on 4^th Jan 1990 (MH). The highest count is of 15 birds at Lletty Brongu Sewage Works on 3^rd Jun 1996 (CR).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    COMMON BUZZARD Buteo Buteo The Buzzard is the commonest bird of prey in the valley, seen regularly soaring in the skies over all parts of the valley. The population is thought to be as high as 22 pairs. The highest count for a single group is of 12 birds in the air together over My. Bach, Nanty on 1^st Apr 2005 (CG,PP) . Interestingly a bird was seen carrying a snake in its talons, flying over Neath Road, Maesteg on 2^nd Oct 1998 (PP). Historical note: - “Heavily persecuted in Glamorgan prior to World War 2 and uncommon to 1970 due to pesticide use. There after re-colonized all upland areas.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              OSPREY Pandion Haliaetus Breeds mainly in Scotland and only rarely seen in Glamorgan on passage migration during spring and autumn. There have been 8 records in the Llynfi valley, all of which were passage birds. 6^th May 1996 1 Garnwen, Nanty (CG, PP) 11^th Apr 1997 1 Foel-Y-Dyffryn, Nanty (PP) Late 90’s 1 Paper Mills, Llan (PT) 2^nd Apr 2006 1 My. Caerau (MST) 20^th Aug 2006 1 Garnwen, Maesteg (PP) 23^rd Aug 2006 1 Garth, Maesteg (SM) 29^th Mar 2007 1 Caerau (MH) 3^rd Apr 2007 1 My. Bach, Nanty (PP)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         COMMON KESTREL Falco Tinnunculus The Kestrel is a fairly common breeder in the Llynfi valley, although there is a suggestion from some sources that populations have been steadily declining in the UK since the early 1990’s. The population of the valley is 7 pairs. Breeding was first proved at the Paper Mills, Llangynwyd on 21^st Aug 1990 (MH), when 2 juveniles fledged. Earliest juveniles appeared at Garnwen, Nanty on 11^th Jul 1995 (CG).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           MERLIN Falco Columbarius The Merlin is an uncommon visitor to the valley outside its breeding season. Nearest breeders are around the moorland of upper south and mid Wales. First recorded in the valley on 26^th Apr 1987 (PT) at Lletty Brongu, Llangynwyd. Since then there have been a further 39 records of which only 10 have been males. Sightings of this species are again on the increase, due to the larger number of observers. 2005 was a record year with 10 sightings (MH,PP).

1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
1	2	1	1	3	1	2	4	1	10	7	3

Records show that the Merlin is on a short distance passage migration from its breeding grounds in Mid Wales on their way to and from wintering coastal areas. Plus a few winter hunting records under milder conditions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         EURASIAN HOBBY Falco Subbuteo This species is very rare in Wales as a summer breeder, with only a handful of pairs breeding in east Gwent, although it is regularly seen at coastal areas in Glam on migration. It is very rarely seen in the Welsh valleys and there has only been 6 records for the Maesteg area, all involving single adult birds flying south over the last 3 years. The species is most regularly seen over the mountain moorland in the north-west of the valley raising hopes that there may be an as yet unknown breeding pair in the surrounding area. 4^th Oct 2004 1 Pen-y-Lan, Nanty (PP) 30^th Aug 2005 1 Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (MH) 16^th May 2006 1 My. Bach, Nanty (PP) 1^st Jun 2006 1 Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (PP) 22^nd Sep 2006 1 My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd (MH) 7^th Sep 2007 1 Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (PP)

PEREGRINE FALCON Falco Peregrinus A single pair of Peregrine Falcon has bred or attempted to breed in the Llynfi valley since the mid 1980’s. This species is much persecuted by pigeon fanciers as it sometimes takes racing pigeons as its prey. The eggs and juveniles of this pair have been taken or destroyed on a number of occasions in the past. First recorded in the valley on 26^th Jun 1985 (SS). The first breeding success was realized in 1989, when a single juvenile fledged (CR). Breeding was also proved in 1991, 1995, 1999 and 2007 (CG, MH, PP & CR). 6 juveniles have been recorded as surviving in 20 years, a poor success rate for any species. Birds seen at the top of the valley during winters of late may be wandering juveniles from nearby breeding areas.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                BLACK GROUSE Tetrao Tetrix There have been no records in the valley since 1936 (see below). Historical note: - “ 7 birds were seen at Llangynwyd mountain area in 1935. Suggesting a pair bred nearby, one of these birds was shot. The remaining 6 were seen all winter. A forest fire destroyed the habitat in 1936. The last record for the valley was of a male bird in September 1936 at the same location. There is also one ancient record of a male at the same sight in Nov 1898, this constitutes the first documented record for the valley of any species.”

GREY PARTRIDGE Perdix Perdix Up until 1983 the Grey Partridge was a regular breeder between My. Bach and Cwmdu, Maesteg, where a population of 2/3 pairs were breeding (CG, PP). The last record was of a family party flushed from heather at My. Bach, Nanty in the summer of 1983 (PP). Historical note: - “The Grey Partridge was few and far between in Glamorgan by 1968.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     COMMON QUAIL Coturnix Coturnix The Quail is a rare breeder in Glamorgan with less than half a dozen pairs, it is very secretive by nature and so rarely seen. The only record for the valley is of a single bird (Male ???) heard calling after dark at Cwm Nant Gwyn farm fields on the 27^th Aug 2005 (MH,PP).

COMMON PHEASANT Phasianus Colchicus All records of the Pheasant are probably either farmers’ birds or populations derived from them. So sightings probably can’t be regarded as wild birds. Birds have been regularly seen in the past on or near farm fields in the lower end of the valley, but not since 1994 until a bird was seen near Letty Brongu sewage works on 22^nd march 2002 (PP), hereafter birds were seen frequently at a number of lower and upper valley sites. The highest count is of 3 birds in the Brynmawr Mast, Maesteg area on 20^th May 2007 (PP).

WATER RAIL Rallus Aquaticus The Water Rail does not breed in the valley. But is seen occasionally during winter periods along rivers and damp rushy areas or even rural areas during severe weather conditions. It was first recorded in 1976 on the river at Anne’s Enterprise’s Garage, Nanty (CG,PP). Then it was not seen again until 1^st Dec 1989 when one was recorded under a parked car in Ivor Street, Maesteg during cold Weather (CR). From this time on records have become more regular with 4 sightings in 2005 being the highest year count. A maximum of 3 birds were seen/heard at the Sewage Works, Lletty Brongu on 16^th Oct 2005 (MH). The earliest winter arrival was of one again at the sewage works on 13^th Oct 2003 (MH) and the latest departure being also at the sewage works on 21^st Apr 2006 (MH).

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
		2		1	3		4	1	1

                                                                                             COMMON MOORHEN Gallinula Choropus The Moorhen was formerly a local breeder in the lower half of the Llynfi valley, particularly around the river by the Paper Mills, Llan, where three pairs bred up until 1993 (MH, PP). But then the habitat was destroyed in the name of progress. Since then records have been few and far between, until a pair were found breeding at the sewage works, Lletty Brongu on 25^th Aug 2003 (MH) where they raised 2 juveniles successfully . In 2003/2004 immatures were seen from five different sites along the River Llynfi indicating that this species may have secretly bred in a number of different areas, In 2007 breeding was confirmed again at the Sewage Works, Lletty Brongu (MH), the River Llynfi at Garth (PP) and just below the Paper Mills (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        COMMON COOT Fulica Atra Habitat is at a minimum for this species in the valley, which requires reed fringed large ponds or lakes to breed. So it is of no surprise that there has only been one record in the valley, which was of a wandering failed breeder, probably from the nearby Parc Slip Nature Reserve. 22^nd Jul 1990 1 Adult Paper Mills, Llan (MH)

COMMON CRANE Grus Grus The Common Crane is a rare breeder in the UK, with only a few pairs in East Anglia, so it was of great surprise that a immature/1^st winter bird was spotted circling around Cwm-Cerwyn, Maesteg on 26^th Jan 2005 (MH). What makes it even more interesting is that there have only been a handful of records for Glam.

EURASIAN OYSTERCATCHER Haematopus Ostralegus The “Oyk !” as it is better known is a common UK shorebird in Glamorgan, but migrates at night like most other waders, so is very rarely seen in the Llynfi valley. There have been 17 records, all but two of which have been during darkness and been identified by their distinctive call flying overhead. First recorded in the valley when 2 flew overhead during the night at Nanty on 13^th Mar 1999 (PP). The day records in the valley include an obviously tired migrating bird landing on a football pitch in Caerau at dusk on 8^th Jul 1999 (MH), and could not fly far when flushed by passers by, it flew to nearby mountain fields, where it could be heard calling for a number of hours, and of a single bird south over My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd on 2^nd Nov 2007 (MH). The highest count is of 11 birds in a loose flock over Nanty during the night of the 14^th Sep 2005 (PP). In 2007 two birds were found roosting at Maesteg Golf Course on 2^nd Jun 2007 (MH).

1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
8	2			1		15	2	7

                                                                                                   LITTLE PLOVER Charadrius Dubius Recently this species has expanded its breeding range into Glamorgan and it was only a matter of time before it was recorded in the valley on migration. On 25^th Apr 2006 a single bird was spotted at the Maesteg Washeries sight (PP) before it was flushed by motorbikes never to be seen again.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             RINGED PLOVER Charadrius Hiaticula This species is very rarely seen inland on migration although it is common around the coasts of Glamorgan. There has only been two record for the valley, that being of a bird migrating south over Caerau at midnight and was heard calling on 4^th Aug 2004 (MH,PP) and another bird at “the creek” My. Bach Nanty on 16^th Sep 2006 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             EUROPEAN GOLDEN PLOVER Pluvialis Appricaria This species is another common UK shorebird but in the past has been rarely seen in the Llynfi valley. But recently thanks to observer awareness it has been found to be using Foel-Y-Dyffryn, Caerau (CG) and My. Bach, Nanty (PP) as a stopping of point during migration, but only on the very tops of the mountains. So a long walk is needed to see this species. First recorded in the valley on 26^th Feb 1995 on the summit of My. Bach, where there was a flock of 9 birds (PP). Since then, flock sizes found have increased by the year to a flock maximum of 375 at Foel-Y-Dyffryn on 26^th Mar 2002 (CG). In total there have been 38 flocks recorded containing a total of some 1697 birds. During 2004 to 2007 a small flock has been overwintering on the top of My. Bach, with a maximum of 44 birds present (MH). While at My. Ty Talwyn a flock of birds, maximum 60 over wintered in 2006 (MH).

1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	79	26			582	287		457	196	47

NORTHERN LAPWING Vanellus Vanellus The Lapwing formally bred in the Llynfi valley up until 20 years ago, when numbers crashed to extinction in the valley. It is now a rare sighting in the valley in recent years. A colony of about 20 birds bred in a farmer’s field near the former site of St Johns colliery, Cwmdu up until the late 1970’s (MH,PP), up to 4 pairs were present around Lletty Brongu until 1985 (PT) and a maximum of 21 birds were at My. Baeden until 1985 (PT). These sites were lost due to human disturbance. Until 2006 the last breeding record confirmed was in the late 80’s at Garnwen lower fields, Maesteg (PP). Recently this species is making a population comeback in Wales and a number of birds have tried to re-colonize these areas . Birds have attempted to breed at Shwt, Cwmdu, Lletty Brongu and Waun-Llaust Wen in the last 3 years (CR, PP, MH, PT), finally succeeding in 2006 when 5 pairs raised young at a location in the bottom end of the valley (PT, PP), with 7 pairs returning there in 2007 to breed successfully (MH,PP). Incidentally the Waun-Llaust Wen site is ear marked for new wind turbines. In 2003 a small flock of 52 birds were seen on My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd on 31^st Jul 2003 (MH) and this record is the highest count for the valley. Historical note: - “The Lapwing was very abundant in the county in 1900 and still common in 1925, since when a slow decline has made it a rare breeder.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                RED KNOT Calidris Canutus This species also migrates during darkness and is rarely seen other than on coastal estuaries in Glamorgan, where it can be quite common during wintertime. But during 2005 it was recorded three times in the valley on migration, each time during the night. 29^th May 2005 1 Spelter, Maesteg (MH,PP) 12^th Jul 2005 1 Spelter, Maesteg (PP) 4^th Oct 2005 1 My. Ty-Talwyn, Llangynwyd (MH)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              SANDERLING Calidris Alba This species had never been recorded in the valley before 2006 because like other waders it migrates at night. One lucky observer heard a single bird calling overhead while migrating at My. Bach, Nanty on 3^rd May 2006 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                DUNLIN Calidris Alpina Another rare wader for the valley that migrates by night with only 9 records . To see this species you will have to scour the tops of the Valley Mountains, which it uses as stop off points on migration or listen for its distinctive call during the hours of darkness during migration periods. ? ? 1975 1 Garnwen lower fields, Maesteg (CG, PP) 6^th Mar 1991 3 My. Caerau, Caerau (MH) 3^rd Mar 1997 1 Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (MH) 4^th Aug 2002 Small flock Garnwen, Nanty (MH, PP) 8^th Aug 2003 1 Lletty, Brongu (MH,PP) 31^st May 2005 1 My. Bach, Nanty (PP) 8^th Jun 2005 1 My. Bach, Nanty (PP) 16^th May 2006 1 My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd (MH,PP) 5^th Oct 2006 1 My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd (MH)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               JACK SNIPE Lymnocryptes Minimus This species is an uncommon winter visitor to the boggy moorland, and although rare has been located at 11 different wintering sites, the most reliable are My. Bach, Nanty (PP) and My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd (MH).. Earliest record for the valley was of 4 birds flushed from a peat bog area in the winter of 1974/75 (CG, PP), but there were no more records until it was re-discovered at the 11 sites between 2000 and 2007. Highest count is of 5 birds flushed at My. Bach, Nanty on 20^th March 2000 (CG,PP). The Earliest winter arrival was at My. Bach, Nanty on 25^th Sep 2001 (PP) and the same site held the latest departure on 20^th Apr 2000 (SD,PP).

 

1974	1975 TO 1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	No Records	11	6	2	3	6	3	10	2

                                                                                      COMMON SNIPE Gallinago Gallinago The Snipe has been recorded in the Llynfi valley in every month of the year and has occasionally bred in the past, but there is no evidence of recent breeding success. Has been seen in every year since 1990, favourite sites seem to be the damp reedy areas of My. Bach, Nanty, lower Garnwen moorland, Maesteg and My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd. The last proved record of breeding was at My. Bach, Nanty in 1974 where birds were seen drumming (breeding display flight) and a nest with 4 eggs was found (CG, PP). The highest recorded number in the valley is of 17 birds at My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd on 3^rd Mar 2006 (MH).

 

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
17	4	2	6	28	22	35	30	56	22

                                                                                     EURASIAN WOODCOCK Scolopax Rusticola The Woodcock is a regular winter visitor to the valley in small numbers from Oct – Mar. This species is a night feeder, so the only chance of seeing one is flushing one from its preferred habitat. Which happens to be the damp undergrowth of woods and forestry such as Garnwen, Maesteg and Darren woods, Llangynwyd. Numbers are swelled in the winter period Dec – Feb with birds from further north moving south during harsh weather. The highest count is of 30 birds at Foel Gwilym Hwyel forestry, Maesteg in Oct 2004 (MST). The earliest winter arrival is of a single bird at Garnwen, Maesteg on 8^th Oct 1997 (PP) and the latest departure is of another bird at the same place on 28^th Apr 2007 (PP). During severe winter weather conditions this species encroaches on human habitat. An interesting record is of a single bird in Victoria St., Caerau during severe weather, which brought several feet of snow in Jan 1982 (PP).

Historical note: - “There was a huge influx of birds into the towns and streets of Glamorgan in harsh weather in the winter of 1963.”

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
8	1	4	4	4	4	52	6	7	2

                                                                                     WHIMBREL Numenius Phaeopus The Whimbrel is an uncommon passage shorebird in Glamorgan, subsequently there has only been 3 records for the valley. A party of 4 birds were seen at My. Ty-Talwyn, Llan on the 1^st Jun 1997 (CR). and at the same location in 2006 - 1 & 2 respectively were seen on 9^th Oct & 12^th Oct (MH).

EURASIAN CURLEW Numenius Arquata Another common and distinctive Glamorgan shorebird, but unlike other waders does migrate on times during the daylight. There have 11 records (8 during the day) of 36 birds in the valley. First recorded at Y Bwlwarcau, Llangynwyd on 25^th Apr 1986 when a single bird was seen flying south (CR). The highest count is 22 birds on 10^th Sep 1999 in a field at My. Ty Talwyn (CR).

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
5	22						2	3	1

                                                                                                                                          COMMON REDSHANK Tringa Totanus There has been 13 records involving 20 birds in the valley of this common Glamorgan shorebird. All but 5 records have occurred during the hours of darkness on passage migration as it is easily recognized by its distinctive call. 2006 being a record year with 5 sightings, 3 during the day (MH,PP). First recorded in the Valley was on 9^th Jan 1985 when 7 birds were seen in a flooded field at Pont Rhyd Y Cyff, Llangynwyd (PT), this also constitutes the highest count for a single record in the valley. Then it was not seen again until 2002 after which it has been recorded in every year since.

 

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
				1	2	2	1	5	2

                                                                                                     GREEN SANDPIPER Tringa Ochropus There have been only 2 records in the valley of this rarely seen bird in Glamorgan. 2 birds were seen on a rocky shingle bank on the river Llynfi near the Paper Mills, Llan, on 4^th Sep 1990 (MH) and a single bird was seen at the same location in the early 90’s (PM).

COMMON SANDPIPER Actitis Hypoleucos Fairly regular passage migrant through the valley in spring, less so in autumn. There have been 16 records since 1990. The first record for the valley was of a bird on the river near Anne’s enterprises garage, Nanty in 1974 (PP). A pair tried to breed on the river Llynfi adjacent to the Paper Mills, Llan. in 1990 (MH), but failed. The birds were present from 29^th Apr up until 20^th Jul. The earliest record for a returning migrant in the valley is 4^th Apr 1993 (MH) on the river along side Maesteg Cricket Club and involved 3 birds, the only time more than a single bird has been recorded. While the latest autumn record is on 24^th Sep 1990 (MH) at the Paper Mills. Llangynwyd.

1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	1			1			1	3	1	3	1

GREY PHALAROPE Phalaropus Fulicarius This species migrates by sea during the autumn and is very rarely seen even in Glamorgan. The only chance of seeing this species is either on a sea-watch or finding wrecked birds along the coast after a large storm predominating with south-westerly gales. It was after one of these such storms that a juv bird was located at My. Bach, Nanty (15 miles inland ???) on the 28^th Sep 2005 (PP). This record constitutes the rarest wader recorded in the valley and a rarer wader may never be seen in the valley again, many Glamorgan birdwatchers came to see this individual. It stayed for 2 days and may have been present the day before it was formally identified.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     BLACK HEADED GULL Larus Ridibundus Regular in the Llynfi valley but does not breed, recorded in all months of the year along the main river course, usually in 1’s or 2’s. But there have been a few sightings of larger flocks, the largest being of 70 birds flying up the valley at the Paper Mills, Llan on 8^th Dec 1990 (MH). During the post breeding season a small flock of birds formerly used Caerau Park football pitch as a night time roost, the largest number recorded was 13 birds on 12^th Oct 1994 (MH). An interesting record is of two birds coming to feed on scraps at the observer’s roof on 25^th Dec 1993 (PP). Unusually no birds were seen in 2004 & 2007 and records are now mainly from the lower half of the valley. This is probably due to the large numbers of territorial Herring and Lesser Black Backed Gulls now in Maesteg.

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
5	16	10	2	7	21		9	8

MEW GULL Larus Canus Despite its name the Mew Gull is rarely seen in the Llynfi valley, except on passage. This species is recorded in the valley once in every three years. There have been a few larger flocks seen, one such flock contained 30 birds and were following a tractor ploughing a field near Lletty Brongu, Llan on 8^th Dec 1990 (MH). This species have also used the Caerau Park gull roost on occasions, the highest count being 12 on 10^th Sep 1991 (MH). Though recently they have been absent.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          LESSER BLACK BACKED GULL Larus Fuscus Common in the valley all the year round and has set up a colony at the Revlon factory site. The breeding population was about 10 pairs until 2005 and was achieving a good success rate but this species is also lumped in with the Herring Gull as a pest and attempts have been made to drive it away, indeed in 2007 only 5 pairs were present. Breeding was first confirmed in 1997, when 2 juveniles were seen (PP). The highest count in the valley is of 280 birds at Gilfach mountain, Llangynwyd on a newly ploughed field on 3^rd Jul 2003 (MH,PP). A bird of the sub-species “Intermedious” has recently joined the Revlon colony and was first seen on 1^st December 2000 (PP) and is still present during 2007.

HERRING GULL Larus Argentatus A noisy colony of this species has set up home on the roof of the Revlon factory, Maesteg, where up to 25 pairs bred with moderate success up until 2005. Steps are now underway to eradicate the species as it is now deemed as becoming a pest and in 2007 only 5 pairs remained. Otherwise this species is common on passage and during the winter season in the valley. The highest count being of 545 birds flying north east on 18^th Dec 2007 (PP) over the top of the valley. An interesting record is of 6 birds mobbing an Osprey over Garnwen mountain, Maesteg on 6^th May 1996 (CG, PP).

GREAT BLACK BACKED GULL Larus Marinus This species is a rare sight inland, so not surprisingly there has been only 6 records in the valley. 19^th Apr 2000 1 Caerau (MH) 28^th Dec 2002 1 Maesteg Golf Course (PP) 23^rd Jul 2003 1 Gilfach Mountain, Llangynwyd (MH) 28^th May 2005 1 Gilfach Mountain, Llangynwyd (MH) 12^th Dec 2005 1 Nanty, Maesteg (PP) 20^th Oct 2006 1 My. Bach, Nanty (PP)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    FERAL PIGEON Clumba Livia The Feral Pigeon is a common sight in and around the town centre, where they tend to congregate around the town hall and bus depot area. There are also small colonies present at the Paper Mills, Llan, and at Bryn Cynan Farm, Llangynwyd The maximum count at the town centre is of 227 birds on 13^th Jan 2004 (PP). The maximum count at the Paper Mills is of 35 birds on 16th Jun 1990, but this colony is systematically culled every couple of years under pest control laws (MH). About 72 pairs breed in the valley.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      STOCK PIGEON Columba Oenas The Stock Pigeon is an uncommon breeder in the Llynfi valley, sticking to heavily wooded areas, so is seldom encountered unless looked for. More abundant in the lower half of the valley, in the woods surrounding Llangynwyd and Lletty Brongu. Population in 2007 was around 5 pairs. Most current breeding records are from Darren woods, Llan (MH) and Gilfach woods, Llangynwyd (MH). Numbers are probably kept low by hunting Peregrines The highest count in the valley is of 50 birds in a field at My. Baeden on 9^th Mar 1985 (PT), but probably refers to passage birds rather than to the breeding population at the time.

WOOD PIGEON Columba Palumbus This species is a common sight in the fields and woods around the Llynfi valley. With the breeding population set at around 127 pairs and steadily increasing. Another favourite food item of the Peregrine, nevertheless its numbers still seem to be growing, probably because the naïve racing pigeon with their natural fear factor bred out are much easier prey for the Peregrine. There is always a large autumn passage migration of this species over the valley, particularly at My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd where on 2^nd Nov 2007 – 17,391 were seen migrating north west in 90 flocks in 5hrs. The maximum flock size was of 1880 birds (MH). In fact during the time period 1^st –3^rd Nov 2007 – 29,112 birds were seen going north west in 201 flocks of average size 145 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     EURASIAN COLLARED DOVE Streptopelia Decaocto Only colonised the Llynfi valley over the last 25 years, but now breeds in many urban parks and gardens where it prefers ornamental coniferous trees like Cypress to nest in. First record of breeding for the valley was of a pair taking up residence at Maesteg Recreational Park near the Hospital in 1974 (CG, PP), where they still breed today. Highest count is of 27 birds flying from a roost site in Nanty on 7^th Nov 2003 (MH) The current population has been counted at 51 pairs in 2007 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 COMMON CUCKOO Cuculus Canorus The Cuckoo is a common summer breeder to the valley with up to 6 pairs heard and seen in early spring. Earliest summer arrival is a record of a bird calling at the Sychbant Valley, Maesteg on 13^th Apr 2006 (CR) and the latest departure date is of a juvenile bird at Garnwen, Nanty on 19^th Sep 1996 (PP). The highest count is of 3 birds together at Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau on 25^th Jul 2003 (MH). Historical note: - “Common in the valleys of Glamorgan in the 1800’s. ”

 

BARN OWL Tyto Alba The Barn Owl breeds in the Llynfi valley at irregular intervals. The earliest documented record is of a single bird flushed from Darren cliffs, Llan. in 1974 (CG, PP). Recent records have seen birds breeding or attempting to breed at the old slaughterhouse, Picton Street, Nanty between 1993 and 1997 (PP, JT). A pair raised 3 juveniles at the old ruins of the Monkey Pub, Caerau in 1994 (MH), after which it was established as a regular breeder in th valley with a breeding population of 3 well known pairs in the valley in 2007 (MH,PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              LITTLE OWL Athene Noctua The Little Owl has been recorded as breeding in Llynfi valley since the mid 1970,s and probably before that. A difficult to locate species due to its small size and alarm call that sounds like a distant yapping dog and is probably under recorded. Never the less a number of breeding pairs have been found over the last 25 years. A pair was present at My. Bach cliffs, Maesteg from 1974 until 1992 (CG, MH, PP), eggshells were found at the foot of the cliffs in 1974 implying successful breeding. Single bird sightings were recorded at Gadlys Farm, Garth Hill, Moel Cynhordy (all in 1983)(PT). A pair bred in the Maesteg area in 1986 (CR). A pair bred near Bryn Cynan wood, Llangynwyd in the mid 1980’s (PP). Another pair bred at Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau between 1997 and 1999 with juveniles being seen in 1999 (MH). A single bird has been heard calling in 2000 and 2001 at the top of the Sychbant valley, Llangynwyd (MH, PP). The valley population has now been revised to 5 pairs in 2007. An interesting record is of an observer being dive-bombed at by an irate bird at Gilfach Mountain, Llangynwyd on 13^th Jun 2006 while moth trapping, obviously straying to close to a nest site (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              TAWNY OWL Strix Aluco The Tawny Owl is the commonest of the valley’s breeding owls, with recent survey work showing the population to be as high as 65 pairs (MH). This species is usually heard more than it is seen, but 2 adults and 3 juveniles were seen at Darren woods, Llan. On 4^th Jun 1996 (CG,MH), while 5 adults were seen calling and fighting at Moel Sychbant, Maesteg on 14^th Apr 2006 (MH,PP). These records constitutes the highest count in one observation for the valley.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   LONG EARED OWL Asio Otus A rare and seldom seen owl in Glamorgan, subsequently there has only been 2 records of this species in the valley. These involved a single bird being flushed from a pine tree alongside a forestry track at Garnwen, Nanty in 1972 (PP) and on 3^rd Apr 2006 a bird was watched sitting on a fence post for some time at My. Ty Talwyn (MH)

SHORT EARED OWL Asio Flammeus Another rare and seldom seen owl for Glamorgan, with only a few individuals wintering along the coast of Glamorgan. There has only been one old record for the valley, that being the sighting of a single bird at Llangynwyd Mountain in Dec 1966 (observer unknown).                                                                                    EUROPEAN NIGHTJAR Caprimulgus Europaeus The Nightjar has recently re-colonized the valley, making good use of the large areas of clear fell forestry at the top of Garnwen, Nanty. First discovered on 18^th May 1997 (PP), when a male was heard churring and later seen after a bit of searching. The population had grown to at least 6 males and 3 females by 2004 (MH) but by 2007 numbers had fell to 3 pairs because of maturing trees. On the 31^st May 2002 a pair were seen mating! – An occurrence that is rarely seen (MH). They have also been heard churring at Maesteg Golf Course (MH,PP) and an individual has been seen feeding at Gilfach Mt., Llangynwyd (MH). Giving the valley a population of 5 churring males in 2007. It also breeds just outside the valley at My. Bach, Margam (PP). The earliest arrival date is of a single bird at Nanty on 3^rd May 2006 (SD,PP) and the latest departure is of a single Juvenile bird seen by day at My. Bach, Nanty on 9^th Oct 2007 (PP). Historical note: - “Quite common in the Llynfi valley in 1697.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          COMMON SWIFT Apus Apus The Swift is a common summer breeder in the valley, and has a liking for old buildings like churches and schools. The largest colony however is in the eaves of three storey buildings at George Street and Church Street, Caerau where there are some 15 pairs of birds (MH). Maximum count for the valley is of 250 birds hawking over Lletty Brongu sewage works, Llangynwyd on 5^th May 2003 (DL,PP). Earliest arrival date is of one bird over Nanty on 24^th Apr 2003 (PP). The latest departure date is of one bird over Nanty on the 12^th Sep 1997 (DL,PP). The valley population is estimated to be in the region of 48 pairs in 2007.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         COMMON KINGFISHER Alcedo Atthis A single pair of Kingfisher has bred at the lower end of the Llynfi valley between the Paper Mills and the sewage works, Lletty Brongu for the last 18 years. It is the only pair to breed in the Llynfi valley. First found to be breeding in 1988 (PT), they have succeeded in raising young in 11 out of the 18 years. A disheartening record was at the Paper Mills, Llan when a male bird was found dead with a broken neck after flying into a riverside building (MH) on 15^th Jul 1992. But the following year another male had taken its place. An old record for this species involved regular wintering birds at the main river in Nanty during the 1970,s and 1980,s (CG, PP). In 2005 there was no evidence of breeding at the Lletty Brongu site but two young birds were seen wintering on the river in the Nanty area (PP) and at Foel Fawr peat ponds, Caerau (MH). In 2006 a male bird was seen with a fish going south of the Paper Mills, so it may be breeding further down the river than usual (MH) and in 2007 no birds were seen at all.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                HOOPOE Upupa Epops This species is a real UK rarity, with only about 3 sightings in Wales a year. So it was of great surprise when one turned up at Letty Brongu on 24^th Jul 1996 (RB pp RGS). This is the only summer record for Glamorgan in the last 10 years, but there was no evidence of breeding attempts.

EURASIAN WRYNECK Jynx Torquilla The Wryneck is an extreme rarity in the UK. There have only been a handful of records of this species seen in Glamorgan. Surprisingly there have been 2 records in the valley, the 1^st at My. Bach, Nanty, at the back of the Washeries site between 10^th and 14^th Sep 1996 (PP) and the 2^nd at Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau between 15^th and 17^th Sep 2002 (MH). Many of Glamorgan’s top birdwatchers graced the valley with their presence for both birds.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           GREEN WOODPECKER Picus Viridus Common breeder in the valley in most wooded areas. Some of the highest breeding areas include Darren woods and Paper Mills, Llan and Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau. Population is thought to be about 43 pairs in 2007. Historical note: - “The Glamorgan population was decimated by the winter of 1962 / 63 and took 4 years to recover.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER Dendrocopos Major This species is far less common than the Green Woodpecker in the Llynfi valley. The population is thought to be around 15 pairs, with the highest number at Darren woods, Llan, being 3 pairs. Also has been found breeding at Garnwen, Maesteg and Sychbant valley, Cwmfelin. Historical note: - “Scarce in Glamorgan in the early 1900,s, with a slow increase through the whole century.”

LESSER SPOTTED WOODPECKER Dendrocopos Minor The scarcest of the 3 breeding woodpeckers in the valley. A difficult Species to locate due to its shyness and small size. The only known breeding area in the valley is at Darren woods, Llan were a male and female have been seen on several occasions over the last 18 years. Average about 3 sightings a year at this locality, with breeding finally confirmed on 14^th Aug 2003 when a juvenile was seen (PP) There have also been 4 records away from the Darren. A single bird was seen in the trees around the Paper Mills, Llan on 1^st Dec 1994 (PP). A female was seen at dawn on 23^rd Apr 2001 at Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau (MH), one was heard just south of Lletty Brongu in the spring of 2005 (PT) and a bird was seen at Bryn Cynan Woods, Llangynwyd in Aug 2006 (MH). These records fuelling speculation that this species maybe breeding somewhere else in the valley.

WOOD LARK Lullula Arborea This species is regarded as a county rarity in Glamorgan, so it’s no surprise only 2 sightings have been recorded in the valley. The first being a bird seen flying overhead and calling at Garnwen Plateau, Maesteg on 1^st Nov 1999 (CG), and another single seen at the Maesteg washeries site on 7^th Nov 2006 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       SKY LARK Alauda Arvensis Recently the Skylark has dramatically declined across the lowlands of the UK, mainly due to a change in modern agricultural practices and possibly climate change. But in the uplands, due to less intense farming techniques, there has been no decline in population. This was mirrored in a recent (2002) breeding survey in the Llynfi valley, which showed there were 145 pairs breeding. By 2003 the population had shown a slight increase to 153 pairs, but by 2005 the population had dropped to 132 pairs mainly due to a temporary land reclamation scheme at the Washeries/ My. Bach area, Maesteg but had increased again to 149 pairs in 2007 (MH). The highest populations for the valley being at My. Ty-Talwyn (44 pairs), My. Bach (23 pairs) and Moel Cynhordy (20 pairs), all being on or above 200 meters above sea level. The lowlands of the valley, comprising of 35% of the area of the valley only held 9 pairs (MH). Most of the population leave for coastal areas in the winter.

SAND MARTIN Riparia Riparia This species is a summer visitor and occasional breeder to the Llynfi valley. Earliest arrival date is of a single passage bird flying north at the Washeries, Maesteg on 19th Mar 2000 (PP). The latest departure date is of a single bird with swallows over Caerau on 9^th Oct 2003 (CG). Breeding records stretch back to the mid 1970’s when a small colony existed at the river Llynfi at Nanty (PP). More recent records include a 3-nest colony at the Paper Mills, Llan between 1990 and 1997 (MH) and an 11-nest colony again at Nanty in 2002 (PP). In 2006 the valley population fell to just 2 pairs (MH,PP), and in 2007 no breeding pairs were recorded. Birds are regularly seen each year on passage migration. The highest count is of 58 birds over Letty Brongu Sewage Works on 2^nd Apr 2006 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  BARN SWALLOW Hirundo Rustica The Swallow is a common summer visitor to the valley and a familiar sight over the skies of the whole area. The breeding population is about 148 pairs in the valley, it is also seen commonly on passage in both spring and autumn. Earliest arrival date is of a single bird flying over Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau on 28^th Mar 2005 (MH). The latest departure date being of another single bird flying over the Paper Mills, Llan on 11^th Nov 1993 (MH). Highest count for the valley is of 7200 birds over Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau during 4 hrs of migration on 24^th Sep 2004 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        HOUSE MARTIN Delichon Urbica Another common summer breeder to the valley, but only 2/3rds as many pairs (106) as the swallow. Prefers older buildings such as schools, churches and houses with many pointed eaves. Seen commonly on passage, the earliest arrival date being of a single bird over the Paper Mills, Llan on 30^th Mar 1994 (PP). The latest being of one over My. Bach on 23^rd Oct 1994 (PP). Highest count for the valley being of 250 birds feeding on newly emerged crane fly on the walls of the Paper Mills, Llan on 30^th Aug 1993 (MH).

TREE PIPIT Anthus Trivialis This species is a locally common summer breeder to the valley especially in clear fell areas and wooded areas with glades. Population of the valley is estimated at 28 pairs. Highest breeding areas include Garnwen forest, Maesteg and My. Caerau forest, Caerau. Seen commonly on passage, the earliest date being of 3 birds at Garnwen forestry on 4^th April 2003 (MH). The latest date being on 11^th Oct 2003 at Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau (MH). Highest count for the valley is of 19 birds at My. Caerau forestry, Caerau on 4^th Jun 1995 (MH).

MEADOW PIPIT Anthus Pratensis The Meadow Pipit is the most common of the upland breeding birds and can be found on every mountain in the valley. A recent breeding survey (2002) revealed a valley population of 487 pairs. With the highest populations being on My. Bach (121 pairs), Foel-y-Dyffryn (103 pairs) and Moel Cynhordy (48 pairs). The lowlands were less densely populated but still held 40 pairs (MH). In 2006 the population dropped slightly to 417 pairs (MH) due mainly to land reclamation work, but in 2007 it had recovered to 431 pairs. The bulk of the population retreats to coastal areas during harsh winter weather.

YELLOW WAGTAIL Motacilla Flava An uncommon passage migrant in Glamorgan and therefore rarely seen in the valley. There have been only 10 records for the valley involving 14 birds. First recorded in the valley on 3^rd May 1982 at Llangynwyd (PT). Earliest summer arrival being on 27^th Apr 1985 at Lletty Brongu Sewage Works (PT) and the latest departure was at the washeries, Maesteg on 28^th Sep 2007(PP ). Highest count for the valley is of 4 birds at Garth Hill on 30^th Aug 1983 (PT).

1982 - 1990	1991 -2000	2001 -2004	2005	2006	2007
6	2	No Records	2	3	1

                                                                                                  GREY WAGTAIL Motacilla Cinerea The Grey Wagtail is a fairly common breeder in the valley, restricted to on or near the main river course. A recent breeding survey (2007) showed the valley population to be a healthy 49 pairs. With the highest populations being in the lower River Llynfi area (13 pairs) and the River Llynfi along side My. Bach (6 pairs). This population is not far off saturation point (MH). An interesting record is of a male coming to a bird feeder in Caerau on 21^st Nov 1996 (MH). The highest count is of 26 birds at the sewage works Lletty Brongu on 30^th Jun 2002 (MH                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       PIED WAGTAIL Motacilla Alba Common breeder in the valley in all sorts of habitat but mainly round the river courses and factory buildings near to them. A breeding survey in 2002 revealed that the valley population is set at 164 pairs, but dropping to 121 pairs in 2007 (MH), probably due to the large scale reclamation of Maesteg’s old Washeries Site. The highest breeding areas were at the Paper Mills, Llan (34 pairs), were they bred in all sorts of places like pipes, vents, abandoned motors, wall cracks, lorry exhausts and even re-charging fork trucks. My. Bach holds the highest population of the upland areas (32 pairs), where it nests in the many dry old stonewalls on the mountain (MH). The highest day count for the valley was of 233 adult and juvenile birds at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 7^th Jan 2004 (MH). There have also been 8 records of White Wagtail (its European nominate subspecies) on migration (MH,PP).

BOHEMIAN WAXWING Bombycilla Garrulus

This species breeds high up in Scandinavia and Siberia but is sometimes prone to winter dispersal when the food crop of berries runs out or have failed. Such an occurrence happened in the winter of 2004/2005, when thousands of birds crossed the North Sea and into the UK. An unprecedented number eventually made their way into Glam by December and subsequently a small flock of 15 birds were seen flying north over Caerau on 1^st Feb 2005 (CG).

BRITISH DIPPER Cinclus Cinclus The Dipper is a fairly common breeder along the River Llynfi. The two principle sites are at Nanty (3 pairs) and Letty Brongu sewage works area (4 pairs). There are also odd pairs dotted along the river, giving a valley population of 13 pairs (MH,PP). Some of the birds may move down the river and out of the valley in winter.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               WINTER WREN Troglodytes Troglodytes A common breeder throughout the valley. Population may exceed 250 pairs and has been stable for a number of years. Highest count is of 20 birds at Moel Troed-y-Rhiw on 11^th Apr 2005 (MH). Historical note: - “Badly hit by the winters of 1947 and 1963, and took 2 years to recover in Glamorgan.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    HEDGE ACCENTOR Prunella Modularis Another common resident breeder in the valley in all sorts of low herbage. Recently there is evidence of an increase in population and numbers almost certainly exceed 200 pairs. Highest count is of 23 birds at a garden feeder in Nanty on 1^st Oct 2003 (Mrs. Evans).                                                                                     EUROPEAN ROBIN Erithacus Rubecula An extremely common bird in the valley, the commonest of the “garden” birds, with a population estimated at over 400 pairs. Numbers are swelled in winter by Scandinavian migrants. Giving even the most oblivious of humans the impression that the Robin is a winter visitor rather than a breeding resident. Such influxes have been witnessed in Sep 1999 and 2000 when birds were arriving at a rate of 100 a day for a short period of time, during clear night skies when the temperature dropped over northern areas (PP).

BLACK REDSTART Phoenicurus Ochrurus The Black Redstart is a rare winter visitor to Glamorgan; subsequently there have been only 2 records for the valley. An immature male was at the cliffs at Darren woods, Llan (CR), but the date is unknown and an immature male was seen at the observers garden, Nanty on 20^th Nov 2000 (SD) and stayed for 3 days.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  COMMON REDSTART Phoenicurus Phoenicurus Fairly common summer visitor and breeder to the valley in upland wooded areas. With a valley population of 16 pairs. The principle breeding areas being Darren woods, Llan (7 pairs) and Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau (1/2 pairs). Commonly seen on passage during spring and autumn. Earliest arrivals being seen on 8^th Apr 2002 at Darren woods (JS). The latest departure date was of a single female bird at Garnwen top, Nanty on 8^th Oct 1992 (PP). The highest count in any one-day is of 25 adult & juveniles again at Darren woods, Llan on 25^th Jun 2004 (MH).

WHINCHAT Saxicola Rubetra Formerly a common breeding species in the Llynfi valley, but over the last few years numbers have been on the decline. The reasons are unclear, but many of its breeding habitats have been overtaken by the more dominant Stonechat. A recent survey (2003) showed that the valley breeding population was down to 6 pairs and in 2007 it had dropped further to 3 pairs (MH) . This species however is occasionally seen on passage migration. The earliest date in the valley was of a male at My. Bach on 27^th Apr 1998 (PP). The latest departure date was of a juvenile on 30^th Sep 2002 at Caerau (MH), while the highest day count was of 2 adults and 7 juveniles at Foel-y-Dyffryn 0n 19^th Jul 1992 (MH). Historical note: - “ Recorded as breeding in the Llynfi valley in 1954.”

STONECHAT Saxicola Torquata The Stonechat is an increasingly common breeder in the valley. Taking over the haunts of the Whinchat as its numbers expand. A recent bird survey (2002) showed that the valley population has risen to 59 pairs, increasing again to 73 pairs in 2007 (MH) . The highest breeding areas being My. Bach, Nanty (24 pairs) and Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (12 pairs). This species does not breed in the lowland areas of the valley (MH). A high proportion of the breeding population moves to coastal areas in the winter. NORTHERN WHEATEAR Oenanthe Oenanthe The Wheatear is a common summer breeder to the higher mountain slopes of the Llynfi valley. The species was surveyed in 2002 and the valley population was found to be a healthy 46 pairs, but dropping to 25 pairs in 2007. The highest breeding concentrations were at My. Bach, Nanty (14 pairs) and Foel-y-Dyffryn (4 pairs)(MH). This species is also very common on passage, with the earliest arrival date being of a male at Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau on 14^th Mar 2003 (MH). The latest departure date is of an immature male at My. Ty Talwyn, Llangynwyd on 20^th Oct 2003 (MH). The highest passage day count is also at My. Bach, with 54 birds being seen on 1^st of Apr 2002 (not April fool-really) (MH). There has also been 2 records of the Greenland sub species of Wheatear, the first being of a single female at My. Ty Talwyn on 9^th May 1995 (MH,PP) and the second at the same sight involved 3 birds on 23^rd Apr 1997 (CR).

RING OUZEL Turdus Torquatus The Ring Ouzel is a scarce migrant in Glamorgan and hence there has only been 26 records in the Llynfi valley involving 48 birds. The first documented record being of a female at Maesteg Cornstores in the spring of 1974. The earliest returning records were of two males recorded at My. Bach, Nanty on 20^th Mar 2001 (PP) and the latest departure record being of a single female at Maesteg Cemetery on 24^th Nov 2007 (CR). The highest day count is of 11 birds at My. Bach, Maesteg (CG,PP) on 20th Oct 2006. The Number of sightings has increased in line with an observer increase. Indeed during 14^th – 22^nd Oct 2006 an unprecedented number of birds (20) passed through the valley on migration causing much excitement in the local birdwatching community (PP et al.).

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
		2		2	2	2	2	20	14

COMMON BLACKBIRD Turdus Merula Very common resident breeder in the valley in all types of habitat from mountain forestry to urban parks and allotments. Population is estimated at around 370 pairs. Numbers are swelled in winter with Scandinavian migrants escaping the harsh northern weather. An interesting record is of a partially albanistic male bird, with an all white head at the Paper Mills, Llan between 1990 and 1992 (MH). Another male with a complete white collar was at the same location between 1991 and 1993 (MH). Highest count is of 40 birds in a farmer’s field at My. Bach, Maesteg on 29^th Sep 2003 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   FIELDFARE Turdus Pilaris A fairly common winter visitor from northern Europe to the valley, but usually sticks to the mountain fields unless forced into urban habitats by harsh weather, where they have a liking for recently played on football pitches with nearby tree cover. Small flocks in the valley very rarely exceed 200 birds. The Fieldfare is also commonly seen on passage migration in autumn and spring over the valley. The earliest autumn arrival is of 2 birds over Darren-y-Bannau, Caerau on 29^th Sep 2007 (CG) and the latest spring departure record is of a flock of 25 birds at The Sewage Works, Llangynwyd on 8^th Apr 2007 (MH). The highest day count on passage for this species is of 600 birds over Caerau on 7^th Nov 2003 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             SONG THRUSH Turdus Philomelos A common resident in the valley with numbers being swelled in winter with northern and eastern birds. Highest populations can be found in the lower end of the valley in wooded areas like Darren woods, Llan and along the River Llynfi between Pont Rhyd y Cyff and the Paper Mills, Llan. The population has been counted at 142 pairs in 2007. A national decline in this species in the UK does not seem to be mirrored in the valley, and the population seems stable if not growing. The Largest day count is of 80 birds at Pen-y-Lan, Nanty on 21^st Sep 2003 (PP), which included 50 birds of the “Hebridensis” sub-species.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     REDWING Turdus Iliacus Another common winter visitor from northern Europe, but this species is usually more noticeable because it is less shy than the former species and has a higher tolerance of humans. Subsequently can be seen more visibly round Parks where there are berries to eat and even bird tables and gardens. Flocks in the valley rarely exceed 300 birds. The species is also very common on passage migration, with the highest day count being of 10,000 birds flying east over Maesteg Golf Course on 16^th Oct 2005 in a period of 2 hrs (CG). The earliest autumn arrival date is of a single bird at Darren-y-Bannau, Caerau 29^th Sep 2007 (MH), while the latest spring record is of 15 birds at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 6^th Apr 2000 (MH).

MISTLE THRUSH Turdus Viscivorus Fairly common breeder in the valley, concentrating on the edges of upland forestry. With only a few breeding in the lower broad leaved woodland like Darren woods, Llan. The Valley population is stable at 42 pairs in 2007. The highest day total is of 65 birds in a recently ploughed field at Gilfach mountain, Llangynwyd on 27^th Jul 2003 (MH).

COMMON GRASSHOPPER WARBLER Locustella Naevia A scarce summer visitor and breeder to the valley, probably overlooked due to the fact it mainly sings at dawn and dusk and is otherwise shy and skulking. The valley population has been about 6 pairs up until 2004, but in 2005 an impressive 13 reeling males were located during the breeding season (MH, PP), and this had increased again in 2007 to 17 pairs (MH,PP). The highest breeding concentrations are at Garnwen lower moorland near the road to Bryn and My. Bach forestry Clearfell area (MH, PP). Has also been recorded at My. Bach , Maesteg cemetery area , Maesteg golf course area and Garnwen top clear fell , as well at the top of Caerau (CG, MH,PP ). This species is never seen on migration due to its secretive nature. The earliest arrival date for the valley is at Garnwen Moorland, Maesteg on 11^th Apr 2004 (PP), while the latest record is of a male reeling at Garnwen moorland, Maesteg on 4^th Aug 2002 (MH, PP).

SEDGE WARBLER Acrocephalus Schoenobaenus A scarce summer breeder in the valley only noted breeding at a few locations. The highest site being just north of the factory site near Maesteg Hospital, There were 7 singing males in this area in 2002 (CG, PP), but dropped to only 2 pairs in 2006 (PP), in 2007 numbers had recovered to 8 singing males. Other places it is currently breeding at are the moorland behind Railway Terrace, Caerau in 2005 (MH) an at Maesteg cemetery moorland in 2006 (MH,PP). This species is however occasionally seen on passage migration, the earliest date being on 26^th Apr 2003 at Lletty Brongu sewage works, Llangynwyd (MH). The latest record for the valley being 25^th Sep 2002 at Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau (PP). The highest day count for the valley was of 8 juv’s together at the Paper Mills, Llan on 15^th Aug 1993 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               EURASIAN REED WARBLER Acrocephalus Scirpaceus Formerly bred at the Paper Mills, Llangynwyd in a small area of reed bed which was destroyed in 1989. There were 3 pairs present then, this species was then not seen in the valley again until it was rediscovered on the 20^th May 2003 at Lletty Brongu sewage works, Llangynwyd where there is the remnants of an old reed bed and where two pairs were seen nest building, but deserted the site before breeding was confirmed (MH) and single birds were again present there in 2004 - 2006 but they also did not stay to breed (MH). There has been only 1 record on migration, that being of a single juvenile at Spelter, Maesteg on 7^th Sep 2006 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   DARTFORD WARBLER Sylvia Undata The Dartford Warbler is a rare breeder in southern English counties, but a succession of mild winters and climate change has seen this species expand northwards into Glamorgan. There are about five pairs along the county’s coast in the breeding season but disperse along the coast in winter. It was first recorded in the valley when a male bird was seen at the Washeries Reclamation Site, Maesteg on the 19^th Nov 2005 (SD,PP) and again on 27^th Nov 2005 (CG,PP). After which birds have been seen at regular intervals on many occasions. With such a large profusion of gorse in the valley there is a good chance this species may breed here in the future.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          LESSER WHITETHROAT Sylvia Curruca The Lesser Whitethroat is a scarce migrant in Glamorgan, but numbers have been increasing over the last few years. Up to and including 2004 there had been 4 records, but in 2005 2 pairs were found in breeding habitat at Bryn Cynan, Llangynwyd (MH) and Forge Industrial Site, Maesteg (PP) and a further 2 males were seen in Cwmfelin throughout June (PT) . At the former site breeding was proven but not so at the two latter sites. Sadly in 2006 - 2007 there were no records of this species in the valley. The first record for the valley was of a singing male at Maesteg cemetery on 3^rd May 2001 (MH). Earliest record was again at Maesteg cemetery on 2^nd May 2004 (PP) and the latest record was of two passage birds at Nanty on 20^th Aug 2003 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         COMMON WHITETHROAT Sylvia Communis A common summer visitor and breeder to the valley over the last ten years as it becomes increasingly abundant throughout the UK after a population crash in the mid 1980’s in its wintering quarters in Africa due to drought. This increase is evident in the Llynfi valley as the valleys population is growing year by year, and is currently at 51 pairs. Besides the breeding population there is also a good number of passage migrants seen. The earliest arrival date being on 13^th Apr 1997 at My. Bach (PP). While the latest migrant seen was on 7^th Oct 2005 at the same location (PP). The highest day count being 20 at My. Bach on 17^th May 1997 (PP). High population areas include My. Bach (12 pairs), Maesteg golf course area (5 pairs) and Garnwen moorland (5 pairs).

GARDEN WARBLER Sylvia Borin Common summer breeder in the valley though probably overlooked. Population is about 20 pairs, mainly in the lower end of the valley in wooded areas like Darren woods, Llan and along the River Llynfi wooded areas between Pont Rhyd-y Cyff and the Paper Mills, Llan. This species is also seen on passage migration, with the earliest date being 20^th Apr 2004 at the Sewage Works, Llan (MH, PP). The latest autumn date being of a juvenile at the Paper Mills, Llan on 28^th Sep 1994 (PP). The highest day count being of 7 singing males at Darren woods, Llan on 12^th May 1999 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         BLACKCAP Sylvia Atricapilla The Blackcap is a common summer breeder to the valley that occasionally over winters in mild weather. One such bird, a male, was seen coming to a bird feeder at the observer’s garden in Caerau on 26^th Jan 1993 (MH). During the summer months this species is common and widespread in all kinds of wooded areas throughout the valley, with a population 58 pairs in 2007, also it is very common on passage. The earliest spring record being a male singing near Lletty Brongu sewage works, Llangynwyd on 26^th Mar 2003 (PP), and the latest autumn record being of an immature male at Pen-y-lan, Nanty on 15^th Nov 2002 (PP). Highest day / location count being 20 at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 6^th Apr 2000 (MH, PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         YELLOW BROWED WARBLER Phylloscopus Inornatus The Yellow Browed Warbler is a major rarity in the UK and a truly rare bird in Glamorgan, with only about 35 records since records began. There has been an incredible 4 records for the valley. The first was found at Pen-y-lan, Nanty on 3^rd Nov 1998 (PP) and only stayed a single day, but long enough for us all to see it. The second bird however was found at Lower My. Bach, in sallows near Anne’s Enterprises on 5^th Oct 1999 (PP) and stayed until the 11th. Enough time for all of Glamorgan’s most notable birdwatchers to pay the valley a visit. The third bird was found just above Maesteg Cemetery on 23^rd Oct 2005 (PP) and stayed for 6 days. day Again many of Glamorgan’s birdwatchers came to see the bird. The Fourth bird was found in willows below Maesteg Cemetery along the old railway track path on 24^th October 2007 (CG) and stayed for just one day and was seen by only a handful of observers. All four birds were accepted by the British Rarity Committee.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   WOOD WARBLER Phylloscopus Sibilatrix Locally common summer breeder to the Llynfi valley, prefers mature broad leaved woodland that is a feature of the lower half of the valley, particularly Darren woods, Llan. Also has been found breeding at Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau, Garnwen forestry edges, Nanty and Sychbant woods, Llan. The valley population was counted at 7 pairs in 2007 (MH). The Wood Warbler is also common on passage, with the earliest date being 4^th Apr 2000 and involved a singing male at Darren woods, Llan (MH). The latest date of departure is 8^th Sept 1993 (MH) also at Darren woods. The highest recorded day count was of 18 singing males also at Darren woods on 24^th Apr 2000 (ND: -Celtic Bird Tours, MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          COMMON CHIFFCHAFF Phylloscopus Colybita Common summer breeder in the Llynfi valley in mainly broad leaved woodland, but also in pine forestry. Valley population was counted at 78 pairs in 2006 (MH). The Chiffchaff is also common on passage and occasionally over winters. The earliest arrival date being 16^th Mar 2004 at Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (MH). The latest departure date being of a juvenile bird again at Darren woods on 28^th Oct 1997 (PP). The highest daily-recorded tally is of 30 singing males at the same location on 30^th Apr 1993 (MH). Interesting and unusual records are of birds resembling the “Siberian.”sub species Tristris over wintering at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 1^st January 2002 (MH) and 18^th Feb 2003 (PP), and on autumn passage at My. Bach, Nanty on 16^th Oct 2003 (PP). This sub species is only occasionally recorded in Glamorgan in winter, usually at Kenfig NNR so these are important county records if accepted as there is currently a review of records of this sub-species in Glamorgan due to identification difficulties..

WILLOW WARBLER Phylloscopus Trochilus Common summer visiting breeder to the valley in all types of wooded habitat. Population is estimated at 257 pairs (MH), but can vary considerably due to droughts in its wintering quarters in Africa. Extremely common on passage, the earliest arrival date for the valley is of 1 male calling at My. Bach, Nanty on 26^th Mar 2003 (PP). The latest departure date being on 17th Oct 2002 at Newtown, Caerau and involved a bird of the sub-species “Eversmanni” from eastern Scandinavia (MH), the highest count is of 50 birds in the Darren woods area on 24^th Apr 1996 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 GOLDCREST Regulus Regulus This species is a common resident breeder in the valley in the upper forestry areas and parks. Descends to lower and more urban areas during winter, becoming more noticeable. The valley population is estimated at about 90 pairs. The highest count recorded is of a massive mixed flock with finches involving some 300 birds at My. Caerau forestry, Caerau in 1992 (MH). .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   FIRECREST Regullus Ignicapillus The Firecrest is a rare visitor to the valley and is closely related to the Goldcrest, preferring an almost similar habitat. There have been 6 records for the Llynfi valley. 4^th Dec 1996 1 Pen-y-Lan, Nanty (CG) 2^nd Oct 1998 1 Pen y Lan, Nanty (PP) 7^th Dec 2003 1 Cwmdu, Maesteg (CG) 12^th Oct 2004 1 Pen-y-Lan, Nanty (PP) 15^th Nov 2004 1 Sewage Works, Llan (MH) 23^rd Oct 2005 1 Pen-y-Lan, Nanty (CG) Just outside the valley, at Cwm Drisiog forestry entrance, Garnwen, near Bryn there were up to 4 birds wintering during 1997 (MH).

SPOTTED FLYCATCHER Musciapa Striata Uncommon but regular breeder in the valley, but never nests in the same location twice so is hard to tie down. The population varies each year between 6 and 10 pairs. In 2007 - 6 pairs were found. Has a peculiar habit of nesting in unusual places such as radio masts, viaducts, floodlight towers and waste paper bails. Seen regularly on passage though, with the earliest date being 7^th May 2006 at Darren Woods, Llangynwyd (MH). The latest departure date for the valley is of a single bird at Pen y Lan, Nanty on 23^rd Sep 2003 (PP), while the highest count for the valley being of 2 adults and 6 juveniles at Darren woods, Llan on 18^th Aug 1999 (MH, PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        PIED FLYCATCHER Ficedula Hypoleuca The Pied Flycatcher is a locally specialized breeder in hilly broadleaved woodland, and has only been recorded at the Llynfi valley at four locations. The strong hold for this species is undoubtedly Darren woods, Llan where between 1 and 5 pairs breed from year to year until 2007 where there were no records of successful breeding for the first time. It has also been recorded as occasionally breeding at Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau (MH), the Sychbant river valley between Cwmfelin and top Llan (MH) and bred for the first time at Cwm Nant Gwyn Woods. Llangynwyd in 2005 (PT) but not in 2006 & 2007. This species can also sometimes be seen on passage migration, with the earliest spring arrival being 16^th Apr 1997 at Darren woods and involved 8 singing males and 2 females, this is also the highest count for the valley (CG,MH,PP). The latest autumn departure is of 1 immature male at Blaencaerau Farm, Caerau on 20^th Sep 2003 (MH).

LONG TAILED TIT Aegithalos Caudatus Common resident breeder in all wooded areas of the valley. Highly gregarious in its habits except when nesting and mixes freely with other tit species in winter forming some huge roving flocks Valley population is estimated at about 65 pairs, and seems to be rising. Highest day count is of 100+ birds in various sized mixed tit flocks at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 23^rd Dec 2000 (MH). An interesting record is of a nest found at the Paper Mills, Llan in 1996 that contained in its make up Kingfisher and Bullfinch feathers (PP).

MARSH TIT Parus Palustris The Marsh Tit although relatively common in Wales and the UK is only a scarce breeder in the valley. It was only discovered in the valley on 10^th May 1996 at Darren woods, Llan (MH), since then there has been a further 16 records. An Unusual record is of 2 birds visiting a bird table in Maesteg in the winter of 2003 (CR), these records leading to the conclusion that there is only a small population of perhaps one or maybe two pairs. Due to its secretive nature it may be overlooked at other less covered areas.

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
	1	3		1	6	1	1	3

All records are from the late winter and spring period when this species is more visible and vocal while associating with mixed winter tit flocks and spring nest prospecting.

WILLOW TIT Parus Montanus Like the previous species the Willow Tit is a recently discovered scarce breeder in the Llynfi valley, preferring damper wooded areas than the Marsh Tit. It was first discovered at Pont Rhyd-y-Cyff, Llangynwyd in 1985 (PT). At the Paper Mills, Llan on 4^th Aug 1990 (MH) a pair was seen carrying nesting material. Since then there have only been another 8 records. But it has also been recorded at another three sites. The first being the old railway line area near Maesteg cemetery (PP) on 5^th April 1992 and again on 29^th May 2003 (MH), Darren woods, Llan on the 3^rd January 1999 (CG, JS) and one was seen and heard singing briefly at Cwm Nant Gwyn in 2005 & 2006 (MH,PT).

1993	1994 - 1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
2	No records	1				1		1	1

 

COAL TIT Parus Ater The Coal Tit is a common resident breeder in the Llynfi valley in pine forests and ornamental parks with coniferous trees. Most notable in winter when birds come into urban areas from the higher ground in search of food. It does breed sparsely in broadleaved woodland, Darren woods being a good example. Population is hard to estimate but is thought to be about 86 pairs. Highest day count is of 58 birds in maximum flocks of 12 at My. Bach forestry, Caerau in the winter of 1991/92 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   BLUE TIT Parus Caeruleus Very common resident breeder in the valley, mainly in tree holes in woods and forests but will also nest virtually anywhere including cracks in urban buildings. This species is a common feature of winter garden feeders. Population in the valley has been counted at 158 pairs in 2007 (MH).

GREAT TIT Parus Major This species is a common resident breeder in all parks, woods and forestry in the valley. Numbers locally seem to be increasing, also a common sight to winter garden feeders, but not in such high numbers as the former species. The valley population is thought to be around 99 pairs.

WOOD NUTHATCH Sitta Europaea A fairly common resident breeder in all the broadleaved woodland in the valley, particularly in the lower half in areas such as Darren woods & Paper Mills, Llan. Valley population is estimated at around 57 pairs. The main breeding site is however Darren woods, Llan, which holds about 12 pairs (MH).

EURASIAN TREECREEPER Certhia Familiaris The Treecreeper like the previous species is a fairly common breeder in broadleaved woodland throughout the valley and are often seen in close association with each other. Darren woods again being the principal site, holding about 12 pairs (MH). This species can also be seen in small numbers in pine forestry, unlike the Nuthatch. Subsequently the valley population is marginally higher at around 47 pairs.

GREAT GREY SHRIKE Lanius Excubitor This species is a rare winter visitor to the UK. With about 5 records of birds to Wales each year. There has been one record for the valley, when a bird was found above Maesteg Golf Course in the forestry clear-fell on 4^th Dec 1998 (PP). This bird subsequently spent the winters of 1998/99 and 1999/00 in the forestry area above Bryn just outside the valley. The bird was seen by many Glamorgan county birdwatchers.

EURASIAN JAY Garrulus Glandarius This species is a fairly common breeder in the broadleaved and pinewoods of the Llynfi valley, becoming more urbanised in winter in search of new food sources. The valley population is estimated at 42 pairs, with the principal breeding sites being Darren woods, Llan (8 pairs), Sycbant river valley (5 pairs) and Garnwen forestry, Maesteg (4/5 pairs). The highest count for the valley is of a flock of 32 birds flying west over the Paper Mills, Llan on 23^rd Oct 1996 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          BLACK BILLED MAGPIE Pica Pica The Magpie is a common resident breeder in the valley, inhabiting wooded mountain areas in the valley, with a liking of nesting in hawthorn trees. It is a very opportunist feeder, but in the birding world it is more well known for its sexual promiscuity, the male freely mating with females from other pairs, when given the chance. The valley population is a healthy 45 pairs. The highest count for the valley is of a gathering of birds 46 at Maesteg on 20^th Feb 2003 (CR).

EURASIAN JACKDAW Corvus Monedula The Jackdaw is probably the most noticeable of the Corvid species, with a valley population in excess of 1100 pairs. In the mid 1960,s the population was far less, but since the home conversion of coal fire to gas, the terraced houses chimneys have become a well-concealed nest site but these are now being changed to flue pipes and the Jackdaw population is now slowly on the decrease. Victoria Street in Caerau alone having 60 nests in 102 houses (MH). It is thought that this new type of breeding site has increased the population of the valley by as much as 600 pairs. However there are still fairly large colonies in the quarries of the valley (its former preferred breeding habitat). Darren woods cliffs holding 80 pairs and Foel-y-Dyffryn and Garnwen quarries holding 150 pairs between them (MH). The entire valley population roosts together at night, usually somewhere near Maesteg Town Hall, where on the 10^th Aug 2002 over 4000 birds came to roost just before dusk (MH). This was an incredible sight to be witnessed, with every human in shouting distance gazing up to the site in awe.

ROOK Corvus Frugilegus There is a small but fairly stable population of Rooks in the Llynfi valley, with the colonies for some unknown reason changing location every couple of years. Colony sites since the 1990,s has included St Michael’s church, Maesteg from 1990 to 1993 and again from 1996 to 1998 (maximum 10 pairs) (MH, PP). Dyffryn Road, Nanty in 1993 (2 pairs) (MH), Darren woods, Llan from 1994 to 1996 (2 pairs) (MH), Foel-y-Dyffryn woods, Caerau in 1998 (maximum 17 pairs) (MH) and in 2005 Garn Road, Maesteg (5 pairs) (MH). But in 2006 for some reason this colony split up and 5 pairs nested singly in 5 separate locations around Maesteg. This is very unusual behaviour for this species and there is no documented evidence of this occurring before. In 2007 however the birds reverted back to nesting in two small colonies at Garn Road (6 pairs) and Llynderw Comprehensive School, Garth (MH). It was interesting to note, the Caerau colony was decimated in 1998/99 by an escaped Harris Hawk (PP). The highest count for the valley was of 64 birds at fields on My. Ty Talwyn on 6^th Jun 2006 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CARRION CROW Corvus Corone Corone A common resident breeder in wooded areas in the Llynfi valley, but does not breed in colonies and is seldom seen in large numbers together unless going to roost or at a plentiful food source. The valley population has been counted at 69 pairs, with the higher proportion nesting in the lower end of the valley. The highest count for the valley is of 149 birds at Lletty Brongu sewage works on 18^th Feb 2002 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             COMMON RAVEN Corvus Corax The largest of the crow family to nest in the valley, using the pine forestry’s and cliff quarries of the area, but only nests high up on the mountains and away from human habitation. Breeds at only at a few sites, with the population thought to be no more than 7 pairs . Highest day count is of a flock of 24 birds in a field at Waun Laust Wen, Llangynwyd on 3^rd May 2002 (MH), and may have included birds nesting just outside the valley.

COMMON STARLING Sturnus Vulgaris The Starling is a common breeder in the valley, nesting in mainly urban areas. Population has been estimated at around 220 pairs, but this is a far cry from the numbers that were present in the valley in the early 1970’s, when their numbers reached pest levels. Huge numbers would gather to roost at dusk in the forestry areas of the upper valley above Caerau, when a constant stream of birds sometimes 20 wide would take half an hour to pass the urban areas while going to roost. The highest counts where estimated at 10,000+ birds (MH). Subsequently the local councils took action to reduce their numbers by culling them or frightening them away. The valley population has been in decline ever since (a job to well done you could say). The highest recent day count was of 760 birds at Gilfach mountain, Llangynwyd on 24^th Oct 2005 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              HOUSE SPARROW Passer Domesticus This species is common and widespread breeder in all urban areas in the valley, with a population of around 1000 pairs being estimated from a breeding survey carried out in 2007. It was found that in Caerau there were 14 pairs breeding for every 50 houses (MH). There has been a suggestion from national sources that the population has steadily declined over the UK in the last 10 years, but there is no evidence to support this in the Llynfi valley, whose population is thought to be quite stable. The largest single flock count is of 108 birds at Maesteg on 24^th Jan 2005 (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     TREE SPARROW Passer Montanus The Tree Sparrow was never a common breeder in Glamorgan and is now very scarce, only breeding at a handful of sites in the county. Possibly bred in the valley 50 years ago, but there is no documentary evidence to support this fact. The only record from the current crop of birdwatchers is of one bird at the Paper Mills, Llan in 1987 (MH).

CHAFFINCH Fringilla Coelebs The Chaffinch is a common resident breeder in all wooded and forestry areas in the valley and is a common feature of winter garden feeding stations. It is much more common in pine forests than any other type of habitat, with the valley population estimated at 342 pairs. The highest single flock count is of 201 birds in a mixed finch flock at Blaencaerau moorland, Caerau on 12^th Jan 2004 (MH).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                BRAMBLING Fringilla Montifringilla This species is a scarce winter visitor to Glamorgan, with less than a dozen records a year. In the Llynfi valley it is a rare winter visitor. First recorded in the valley on 14^th Jan 1990 at a bird table at King’s Terrace, Nanty (CG), after which it was only recorded a further 6 times at various locations up until the end of 2002. In the winter of 2003/2004 this species saw a welcome influx into the valley with 39 records. The earliest winter arrival was on 12^th Oct 2004 at Caerau (MH), while the latest departure was on 12^th Mar 2004 at Blaencaerau moorland, Caerau (MH). The highest number recorded in the valley was of 9 birds in a large mixed finch flock at Blaencaerau moorland, Caerau following a cold snap on 28^th Dec 2003 (MH).

1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
1				1	23	16	10	3	2

EUROPEAN GREENFINCH Carduelis Chloris The Greenfinch is a common resident breeder in the valley usually seen in small flocks around parks and allotment areas. Largest flock recorded is of 47 birds at Maesteg cemetery on 10^th Dec 2003 (CG, PP). The valley population is thought to be in around of 90 pairs.                                                  EUROPEAN GOLDFINCH Carduelis Carduelis This species is another common resident valley breeder, with a liking for areas with lots of thistle. Therefore as this plant is one of the first plants to colonize old coal tip areas, it is as no surprise that these areas hold the highest populations. The largest flock seen was of post breeding gathering birds at Caerau Old Pit reclamation Site on 22^nd Sep 2003 and totalled 160 birds (MH) The valley population is increasing at 100 pairs. Most of the population retreat to coastal areas in winter.

EURASIAN SISKIN Carduelis Spinus The Siskin is a fairly common breeder in the pine woods and occasionally parks with pines in the valley, coming down to lower more urban habitats in winter, making them more noticeable than at other times of the year. Readily comes to garden feeders in small numbers. Population of the valley is thought to be in the range of 40 to 50 pairs, but is hard to ascertain. Maximum day count is of 150 birds with Redpoll in a huge mixed winter finch flock at My. Bach forestry, Caerau in 1992 (MH). The highest count seen at a bird feeder at any one time was 6 birds at the observer’s garden, Caerau on 15^th Apr 1993 (MH).

COMMON LINNET Carduelis Cannabina The Linnet is an increasingly common breeder in the Llynfi valley, favouring gorse-covered grassland, particularly areas of old coal tips where the plant flourishes. They tend to nest in loose colonies in these areas. The largest flock in the valley is of 600+ post breeding birds gathering at Gilfach Mountain, Llan on 20^th Sep 2004 (MH). The valley population is thought to be about 144 pairs. The majority of the population vacates the valley to coastal areas in winter                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            LESSER REDPOLL Carduelis Flammea This species is only locally common in the pinewoods of the Llynfi valley, usually higher up in the mountains. But they become more noticeable during winter when they descend to lower altitudes in search of food and have a liking for birch seeds. The valley population is thought to be around 32 pairs. Highest day count is of 55 birds feeding on young birch trees behind and just south of Nanty Fire Station on 27^th Nov 2003 (PP).

COMMON CROSSBILL Loxia Pytyopsittacus This species is an uncommon resident breeder in the pine forests of the valley with numbers varying from year to year. First discovered in the valley at My. Bach, Cwmdu on 20^th Oct 1982 (PT) where a flock of 10 were present. Breeding was first proved when 2 adults and 4 juveniles were seen at My. Bach, Caerau on 21^st May 1991 (MH). Since then breeding pairs have been discovered at Foel Fawr, Caerau (MH), My. Caerau forestry, Caerau (MH), Garnwen forestry, Maesteg (CG), Waun-Laust Wen forestry, Maesteg (MH) and Gilfach forestry. Llangynwyd (MH). The valley population is estimated at between 10 and 25 pairs in any one given year. In 2007 the population was counted at 18 pairs (MH,PP) Highest day count is of 58 birds at My. Bach forestry, Caerau on 18^th Dec 2005 (CG).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     COMMON BULLFINCH Pyrrhula Pyrrhula The Bullfinch although not as common as other finch species is still fairly widespread in the valley around park and allotment areas. They tend to stick to only family parties, so are not seen in any great numbers together. The valley population is thought to be around 30/35 pairs. Maximum count for the valley is of 24 birds at Garnwen cliffs, Maesteg 18^th Nov 2005 (MH). An interesting feature of this species is that during cold weather the birds vacate lower milder valley areas to more mountainous areas in the valley to feed on heather seeds, this is the direct opposite to all the other finch species in the valley (MH). .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        SNOW BUNTING Plectrophenax Nivalis The Snow Bunting is a rare winter visitor from northern Europe and Scotland to Glamorgan, with only one or two records every other year. There has been two records for the valley, that being of 2 birds at Bryn Siwrnai, My. Caerau, Caerau on 4^th Dec 2001 (MST) and 2 birds at Garnwen Peak, Maesteg in 2006 (CR) . There has also been one record just outside the valley border at My. Margam, Bryn where a winter plumage male was seen on a forestry track on 18^th Nov 2001 (CG).                   YELLOWHAMMER Emberzia Citrinella The Yellowhammer is an uncommon summer breeder in the Llynfi valley, vacating to coastal habitats in winter. Breeds only in a narrow band at lower My. Bach form behind Anne’s enterprises, Nanty to Maesteg cemetery. Population is stable at around 3/4 pairs (PP), this is also where the highest count of 15 birds was recorded on 15^th Nov 2006 (PP). Has also been seen at 3 other locations in the valley, but these records are thought to be of dispersing birds rather than breeding sites. One male was seen at the Sychbant valley, Cwmfelin 1993 & 2004 (MH) and a flock of 8 birds was seen at Caerau near the forestry entrance in 1997 (MH) and 1 male was seen at Blaencaerau Farm area, Caerau in 2002 (PP). In 2005 a pair over wintered at Maesteg Cemetery for the first time (MH,PP) and also wintered here in 2006 &2007.

REED BUNTING Emberiza Schoeniclus This species is a fairly common breeder in marshy and damp moorland areas of the valley. Population has been counted at 57 pairs. Principal breeding sites are My. Bach (15+ pairs), Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (6 pairs) and Cwmdu area (6 pairs). The bulk of the breeding population was thought to vacate to the coastal areas in winter until the discovery of a winter roost on moorland near Maesteg cemetery in 2002 which peaked at 57 (CR,PP) and also at Blaencaerau moorland, Caerau in 2005 where birds peaked at 86 (MH). However the largest valley count was on 12^th Mar 2004 when 222 birds were seen on passage at Blaencaerau moorland, Caerau in a single flock (MH).

REJECTED RECORDS When a rare or unusual bird is discovered, for it to be accepted as a genuine sighting the bird has to be verified by a records committee. The committees that cover this are “The Glamorgan Rarities Committee”, “ The Welsh Rarities Committee” and “The British Rarities Committee”. Written records and descriptions have to be sent to these bodies for acceptance. Many records are rejected for a number of reasons. Records of species seen in the valley that have been rejected are as follows.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      COMMON SCOTER Melanitta Nigra 20^th Oct 1992 1 Male Paper Mills, Llangynwyd (MH,IG) 22^nd Oct 1992 Same bird – corpse (PM)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ROUGH LEGGED BUZZARD Buteo Lagopus 4^th May 2002 1 Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (MH)                                                                                                                                                                  CRANE Grus Grus 28^th Feb 2000 1 Garth Park, Maesteg (JS)                                                                                                                                                                                                                       WESTERN BONELLI’S WARBLER Phylloscopus Bonelli 27^th Aug 2001 1 My.Bach, (PP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ESCAPED BIRDS There have been a number of “How Bizarre !!!” records involving birds of dubious origin. This section covers these birds but should not be counted as wild birds.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              GOLDEN EAGLE This iconic bird of prey only breeds in the Highlands of Scotland and Lake District of England. But an escaped immature bird complete with jesses still attached was seen in the Lletty Brongu area near Llangynwyd on 25^th Sep 2007 (MH), it had taken liking to the birds of a local Wildfowl collector and proceeded to feed on a variety of ducks for the next couple of weeks. It then disappeared for a short time before returning to the area and is still seen in the valley up to this day (SD,PP). The bird was later found to have escaped from a well known Bird Of Prey collector in the Rhondda.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           SAKER Falco Cherrug This bird of prey breeds in eastern Europe, so the only chance of seeing one in Wales is when they escape from captivity. In 2005 a female of this species was seen taking a female Mallard on the river at Nanty (PP) on the 3^rd May and was seen on numerous occasions in the top half of the valley thereafter. On the 18^th Oct 2005 a much smaller bird probably a male was seen taking a Carrion Crow at Foel-y-Dyffryn, Caerau (MH). The birds were not seen in 2006 & 2007.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 GOLDEN PHEASANT Chrysolophus Pictus This species breeds in China with a small feral population in Norfolk derived from escaped birds. On 15^th Aug 2000 a juvenile bird was spotted in the trees at Pen-y-Lan, Nanty (CG,MH,PP) and was subsequently found to have escaped from a nearby small holding.

EAGLE OWL Bubo Bubo This species does not breed in the UK and does not migrate from Europe, so is regarded as an escape from a private collection although a recent TV programme shed new light on the possibility of a wild population surviving in Britain. Nevertheless a single bird was seen during the night at Nanty on 26^th Nov 2004 (PP) and presumably this bird was again heard calling from a Cwmdu cliff-face during the night of 27^th Mar 2005 (MH,PP). Since then a number anecdotes have arisen from non-birders who have seen the Owl, including the Eagle Owl taking a cat of a bin in Maesteg on 8^th Aug 2005, roosting on the church tower of St. Michaels Church on 2^nd Oct 2005 and an unconfirmed report is of a passer-by reporting to the police that a drunk was sitting on the clock tower in Maesteg but turned out to be the Eagle Owl. Whether a tame or wild bird one thing is for certain the lost pets board at the market is always full. A male bird was trapped and caught in Treos, Bridgend in 2006 and may well have been this bird.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ROSE RINGED PARAKEET A colony of this “parrot” species has been established in the London area for many years and is self sustaining, there have also been a number of records in Glamorgan but all these birds have been regarded as escapes. A single bird was seen on 6^th November 2007 at Nanty, Maesteg near the Forge Industrial site and was present until the year’s end (SD,PP). The bird is known to have escaped locally. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMPILED, EDITED AND PRODUCED: - M. Hnatiuk. RESEARCH INTO OLD RECORDS, PHOTOS & ARTWORK: - P. Parsons. MAIN CONTRIBUTORS: - C. Gittins (CG), M. Hnatiuk (MH), P. Parsons (PP), C. Richards (CR). ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTORS; - D. Lewis (DL), J. Slocombe (JS), M. Thomas (MST), S. Davies (SD), P. Tabor (PT), S. Squires (SS), P. Murray (PM), S. Murray (SM) and all the person’s initials taken from various Glamorgan Bird Reports since records began. ADDITIONAL READING: - Mid and South Glamorgan annual bird reports 1961-2007 ---- Glamorgan Bird Club The Birds of Glamorgan (1967) ---- C. S. Ingram & H. Morrey- Salmon The Birds of Glamorgan (1995) ---- C.Hurford & P. Lansdown [*]: - Any additional records for the valley to update this report in future editions can be sent to: - M. Hnatiuk, 4 Protheroe Street, Caerau, Maesteg, Mid Glamorgan, CF34 OYN.