The rail system is wonderfully efficient and quick. The larger stations have bilingual signs but the ticket vending machines don't understand English although one spoke to me in English. If you are going to be in an area for a time it would probably be wise to get a JR rail pass voucher through your travel agent before you go. They give you unlimited travel while they are current. Rail travel can be expensive.
Taxis are worse (sacado de http://www.interworx.com.au/users/brian/japan.htm)