Lab Practicum #1 Objectives

Basic Terminology

1. Define the anatomical position and know the anatomical terms used to describe various regions of the body.
2. Define the directional terms used in association with the human body.
3. Describe the common sectional planes used in anatomical study.
4. List the principal body cavities and the organs contained within.
5. Define the mediastinum and the organs found within
6. Describe how the anterior abdominopelvic surface is divided into nine regions and four quadrants; know which organs are found within each.
 

Histology

Be able to identify, under the microscope, each of the specific tissues listed below, and the additional structures indicated in bold-face type. Additionally, for each tissue, be able to give examples of their locations in the body  The page numbers refer to the Saladin/Wise 2nd edition, lab manual. For other lab manuals, just look in the index for the applicable pages. And don't forget to use your textbook as well! The Virtual Histology Lab Practical on Dr. C’s website is also a useful resource. (Note: you are not responsible for slides 1 & 2)

1. Epithelial Tissue

Simple columnar epithelium: slide 3 (page 37).

Simple cuboidal epithelium: slides 3,4 (page 36).

Simple squamous epithelium; slide 4 (look for it lining blood vessels on the slide) (page 35).

Stratified squamous epithelium: slides 5, 22, 23 (page 38).

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium: slides 10, 6; notice the goblet cells and cilia (page 37). 

2. Connective tissue (CT)

Areolar CT: slide 7; note the elastic fibers,  collagen fibers, and fibroblasts  (page 45).

Adipose tissue: slides 9, 22, 23; note the cell nuclei, cytoplasm, and intracellular fat (page 45).

Dense regular CT: slide 8 (page 43).

Dense irregular CT: slide 23 (page 43).

Hyaline cartilage:  slides 6, 10; note the chondrocytes in lacunae. There are also lots of collagen fibers in the matrix, although they can't be seen (page 47).

Fibrocartilage: slide 11; note the chondrocytes in lacunae and the collagen fibers in the tissue matrix (page 47).

Elastic cartilage: slide 12; note chondrocytes in lacunae and the elastic fibers in the tissue matrix  (page 48).

Bone (osseous) tissue: slide 13; note the Haversian systems (osteons), including the Haversian (central) canal, lacunae, canaliculi, matrix, and lamellae within each system (pages 48, 73). Also, identify the these structures on the bone tissue model, as well as blood vessels, nerves, and osteocytes.  This model is also on-line at Dr. C.'s website (tinyurl.com/56wpr7).

Blood: slide 14: note the erythrocytes, leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes), and platelets (pages 49, 283-285).

3. Muscle Tissue

Skeletal muscle tissue: slides 15,18; note striations and nuclei of the skeletal muscle cells and the occasional groupings of adipose cells (page 40).

Smooth muscle tissue: slides 16,18 (page 41).

Cardiac muscle tissue: slides 17, 18; note the branching cardiac muscle cells with intercalated disks (the disks may not be visible on some slides) (page 41).

4. Nerve Tissue

Neurons and glial cells: slide 19; note a neuron and its nucleus, axon hillock, axon, and dendrites;  also note the glial cells.  (pages 43, 202)

Myelinated nerve fibers: slide 20; note nodes of Ranvier, and Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes) covering axons (see page 218; although the photograph there doesn't much look like this slide, it will help you identify the nodes of Ranvier. The online histology quiz at Dr. C.'s website has a photo that does look like the slide (at tinyurl.com/67u8qp).

White matter of spinal cord: slide 21; note myelinated axons in cross section  (page 236)

Grey matter of spinal cord: slide 21; note neuron cell bodies and the dense network of dendrites (page 236)